diff --git a/src/create.c b/src/create.c
index 655ee60..efc66dd 100644
--- a/src/create.c
+++ b/src/create.c
@@ -1,250 +1,461 @@
-#if 0
-#include "b-tree.h"
-#include "bin.h"
+#include "builder.h"
 #include "commands.h"
+#include "exe.h"
+#include "image.h"
+#include "substitute.h"
 
 #include <blue/cmd.h>
+#include <blue/io/file.h>
+#include <blue/io/path.h>
+#include <blue/object/dict.h>
+#include <blue/object/number.h>
+#include <blue/object/string.h>
+#include <blue/serial.h>
+#include <blue/term/print.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <zstd.h>
-
-#define INVALID_NODE_PTR 0xFFFF
-
-#define ORDER            6
-#define MAX              (ORDER - 1)
-#define MIN              (MAX / 2)
 
 enum {
-	ARG_INPATH,
+	OPT_SPECIFICATION,
+	OPT_SPECIFICATION_PATH,
+	OPT_PARAMETER,
+	OPT_PARAMETER_NAME,
+	OPT_PARAMETER_VALUE,
 	OPT_OUTPATH,
 	OPT_OUTPATH_PATH,
 };
 
-struct entry {
-	uint32_t key;
-	uint32_t value;
+struct create_ctx {
+	struct ec3_image_builder *ctx_builder;
+	struct substitution_list ctx_sub_list;
+	b_dict *ctx_specification;
 };
 
-struct node {
-	uint16_t nr_entries;
-	struct entry entries[MAX];
-	uint16_t children[ORDER];
-};
-
-struct data_tree {
-	struct b_tree base;
-	FILE *fp;
-};
-
-static int node_init(struct node *n)
+static enum ec3_status create_ctx_init(
+	struct create_ctx *ctx,
+	const b_arglist *args)
 {
-	memset(n, 0x0, sizeof *n);
+	enum ec3_status status = substitution_list_init(&ctx->ctx_sub_list);
 
-	for (int i = 0; i < ORDER; i++) {
-		n->children[i] = INVALID_NODE_PTR;
+	b_arglist_option_iterator it;
+	b_arglist_option_foreach_filtered(&it, args, OPT_PARAMETER)
+	{
+		b_arglist_value *name, *value;
+		b_arglist_option_get_value(
+			it.opt,
+			OPT_PARAMETER_NAME,
+			0,
+			&name);
+		b_arglist_option_get_value(
+			it.opt,
+			OPT_PARAMETER_VALUE,
+			0,
+			&value);
+
+		status = substitution_list_add_substitution(
+			&ctx->ctx_sub_list,
+			name->val_str,
+			value->val_str);
+
+		if (status != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+			return status;
+		}
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	return EC3_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-static int tree_get_node(struct b_tree *p, unsigned long id, b_tree_node *n)
+static void create_ctx_finish(struct create_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	struct data_tree *tree = (struct data_tree *)p;
-	size_t offset = (id * sizeof(struct node));
-	fseek(tree->fp, offset, SEEK_SET);
-	size_t r = fread(n, sizeof(struct node), 1, tree->fp);
-	return r == 1 ? 0 : -1;
-}
-
-static int tree_put_node(
-	struct b_tree *p,
-	unsigned long id,
-	const b_tree_node *n)
-{
-	struct data_tree *tree = (struct data_tree *)p;
-	size_t offset = (id * sizeof(struct node));
-	fseek(tree->fp, offset, SEEK_SET);
-	size_t r = fwrite(n, sizeof(struct node), 1, tree->fp);
-	return r == 1 ? 0 : -1;
-}
-
-static long tree_alloc_node(struct b_tree *p)
-{
-	struct data_tree *tree = (struct data_tree *)p;
-	size_t pos = ftell(tree->fp);
-	fseek(tree->fp, 0, SEEK_END);
-	size_t len = ftell(tree->fp);
-
-	struct node n;
-	node_init(&n);
-
-	fwrite(&n, sizeof n, 1, tree->fp);
-
-	fseek(tree->fp, pos, SEEK_SET);
-
-	len /= sizeof(struct node);
-
-	return (long)len;
-}
-
-static unsigned long node_get_nr_entries(b_tree_node *n)
-{
-	struct node *node = (struct node *)n;
-	return node->nr_entries;
-}
-
-static void node_set_nr_entries(b_tree_node *n, unsigned long val)
-{
-	struct node *node = (struct node *)n;
-	node->nr_entries = val;
-}
-
-static b_tree_node_entry *node_get_entry(b_tree_node *n, unsigned long index)
-{
-	struct node *node = (struct node *)n;
-	return (b_tree_node_entry *)&node->entries[index];
-}
-
-static void node_set_entry(
-	b_tree_node *n,
-	unsigned long index,
-	const b_tree_node_entry *entry)
-{
-	struct node *node = (struct node *)n;
-	memmove(&node->entries[index], entry, sizeof(struct entry));
-}
-
-static unsigned long node_get_child(b_tree_node *n, unsigned long index)
-{
-	struct node *node = (struct node *)n;
-	uint16_t child = node->children[index];
-	return child == INVALID_NODE_PTR ? B_TREE_INVALID_PTR : child;
-}
-
-static void node_set_child(
-	b_tree_node *n,
-	unsigned long index,
-	unsigned long ptr)
-{
-	struct node *node = (struct node *)n;
-	uint16_t child
-		= ptr == B_TREE_INVALID_PTR ? INVALID_NODE_PTR : (uint16_t)ptr;
-	node->children[index] = child;
-}
-
-static int entry_compare(
-	const b_tree_node_entry *e0,
-	const b_tree_node_entry *e1)
-{
-	struct entry *a = (struct entry *)e0, *b = (struct entry *)e1;
-
-	if (a->key < b->key) {
-		return -1;
+	if (ctx->ctx_builder) {
+		ec3_image_builder_destroy(ctx->ctx_builder);
 	}
 
-	if (a->key > b->key) {
-		return 1;
+	if (ctx->ctx_specification) {
+		b_dict_release(ctx->ctx_specification);
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	substitution_list_finish(&ctx->ctx_sub_list);
 }
 
-static const struct b_tree_ops ops = {
-	.tree_get_node = tree_get_node,
-	.tree_put_node = tree_put_node,
-	.tree_alloc_node = tree_alloc_node,
-
-	.node_get_nr_entries = node_get_nr_entries,
-	.node_set_nr_entries = node_set_nr_entries,
-	.node_get_entry = node_get_entry,
-	.node_set_entry = node_set_entry,
-	.node_get_child = node_get_child,
-	.node_set_child = node_set_child,
-
-	.entry_compare = entry_compare,
-};
-
-void indent(int depth)
+static enum ec3_status configure_image_parameters(
+	struct create_ctx *ctx,
+	struct ec3_parameters *param)
 {
-	for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
-		fputs("  ", stdout);
-	}
-}
+	enum ec3_status status = EC3_SUCCESS;
 
-int node_print(struct b_tree *tree, struct node *n, int depth)
-{
-	int c_before = (n->nr_entries + 1) / 2;
-	int c_after = n->nr_entries + 1 - c_before;
-	int i_before = 0;
-	int i_after = i_before + c_before;
-
-	int err = 0;
-
-	for (unsigned short i = 0; i < c_before; i++) {
-		struct node child;
-		int index = i_before + i;
-
-		if (n->children[index] == INVALID_NODE_PTR) {
-			// indent(depth + 1);
-			continue;
+	b_string *ident = B_STRING(b_dict_at(ctx->ctx_specification, "id"));
+	if (ident) {
+		if (B_TYPEID(ident) != B_OBJECT_TYPE_STRING) {
+			return EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT;
 		}
 
-		err = tree_get_node(
-			tree,
-			n->children[index],
-			(b_tree_node *)&child);
-		if (err != 0) {
-			printf("ERR: failed to read node %u\n",
-			       n->children[index]);
-			continue;
+		status = substitution_list_substitute(
+			&ctx->ctx_sub_list,
+			ident);
+		if (status != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+			return status;
 		}
 
-		node_print(tree, &child, depth + 1);
+		status = ec3_identifier_from_string(
+			b_string_ptr(ident),
+			&param->p_ident);
+
+		if (status != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+			return status;
+		}
 	}
 
-	indent(depth);
-	printf("[");
-
-	for (unsigned short i = 0; i < n->nr_entries; i++) {
-		if (i > 0) {
-			printf(" ");
-		}
-
-		printf("%d", n->entries[i].key);
+	b_number *cluster_size_p
+		= B_NUMBER(b_dict_at(ctx->ctx_specification, "clusterSize"));
+	if (B_TYPEID(cluster_size_p) != B_OBJECT_TYPE_NUMBER) {
+		return EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT;
 	}
 
-	printf("]\n");
-
-	for (unsigned short i = 0; i < c_after; i++) {
-		struct node child;
-		int index = i_after + i;
-
-		if (n->children[index] == INVALID_NODE_PTR) {
-			// indent(depth + 1);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		err = tree_get_node(
-			tree,
-			n->children[index],
-			(b_tree_node *)&child);
-		if (err != 0) {
-			printf("ERR: failed to read node %u\n",
-			       n->children[index]);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		node_print(tree, &child, depth + 1);
+	param->p_cluster_size = ec3_cluster_size_bytes_to_id(
+		b_number_get_int(cluster_size_p));
+	if (param->p_cluster_size == -1) {
+		return EC3_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	b_string *compression_p
+		= B_STRING(b_dict_at(ctx->ctx_specification, "compression"));
+	const char *compression = NULL;
+	if (compression_p) {
+		if (B_TYPEID(compression_p) != B_OBJECT_TYPE_STRING) {
+			return EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT;
+		}
+
+		compression = b_string_ptr(compression_p);
+		if (!strcmp(compression, "zstd")) {
+			param->p_compression_func = EC3_COMPRESSION_ZSTD;
+		} else {
+			return EC3_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+		}
+	}
+
+	b_string *encryption_p
+		= B_STRING(b_dict_at(ctx->ctx_specification, "encryption"));
+	const char *encryption = NULL;
+	if (encryption_p) {
+		if (B_TYPEID(encryption_p) != B_OBJECT_TYPE_STRING) {
+			return EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT;
+		}
+
+		encryption = b_string_ptr(encryption_p);
+		if (!strcmp(encryption, "aes256")) {
+			param->p_compression_func = EC3_ENCRYPTION_AES256;
+		} else {
+			return EC3_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return EC3_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-int tree_print(struct b_tree *tree)
+static b_status read_specification(const char *path_cstr, b_dict **out)
 {
-	struct node root;
-	tree_get_node(tree, 0, (b_tree_node *)&root);
-	return node_print(tree, &root, 0);
+	b_path *path = b_path_create_from_cstr(path_cstr);
+	b_file *file = NULL;
+	b_status status = b_file_open(NULL, path, B_FILE_READ_ONLY, &file);
+	b_path_release(path);
+
+	if (!B_OK(status)) {
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	b_stream *src = NULL;
+	status = b_file_open_stream(file, &src);
+	b_file_release(file);
+
+	if (!B_OK(status)) {
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	b_serial_ctx *ctx = NULL;
+	b_serial_ctx_create(&ctx);
+
+	b_object *data = NULL;
+	status = b_serial_ctx_deserialise(
+		ctx,
+		B_SERIAL_FORMAT_JSON,
+		src,
+		&data,
+		0);
+	if (!B_OK(status)) {
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	b_stream_close(src);
+
+	if (!B_OBJECT_IS(data, DICT)) {
+		b_release(data);
+		return B_ERR_BAD_FORMAT;
+	}
+
+	*out = B_DICT(data);
+	return B_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+#define ASSERT_OBJECT(object, status)                                          \
+	if (!object) {                                                         \
+		return status;                                                 \
+	}
+#define ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(object, type, status)                               \
+	if (!B_OBJECT_IS(object, type)) {                                      \
+		return status;                                                 \
+	}
+
+static enum ec3_status capture_volumes(struct create_ctx *ctx)
+{
+	enum ec3_status status = EC3_SUCCESS;
+
+	b_array *volumes
+		= B_ARRAY(b_dict_at(ctx->ctx_specification, "volumes"));
+	if (!volumes) {
+		return EC3_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(volumes, ARRAY, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+
+	b_array_iterator it;
+	b_array_foreach(&it, volumes)
+	{
+		b_dict *volume = B_DICT(it.value);
+		ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(volume, DICT, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+
+		uint64_t id = 0;
+		b_object *id_object = b_dict_at(volume, "id");
+		ASSERT_OBJECT(id_object, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+
+		if (B_OBJECT_IS(id_object, NUMBER)) {
+			id = (uint64_t)b_number_get_int64(B_NUMBER(id_object));
+		} else if (B_OBJECT_IS(id_object, STRING)) {
+			substitution_list_substitute(
+				&ctx->ctx_sub_list,
+				B_STRING(id_object));
+			status = ec3_identifier_from_string(
+				b_string_ptr(B_STRING(id_object)),
+				&id);
+		}
+
+		if (status != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+			return status;
+		}
+
+		b_string *src_path = B_STRING(b_dict_at(volume, "sourcePath"));
+		ASSERT_OBJECT(src_path, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+		ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(src_path, STRING, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+		substitution_list_substitute(&ctx->ctx_sub_list, src_path);
+
+		char id_str[32];
+		ec3_identifier_to_string(id, id_str, sizeof id_str);
+
+		printf("adding volume 0x%" PRIx64 "(%s) -> %s\n",
+		       id,
+		       id_str,
+		       b_string_ptr(src_path));
+
+		status = ec3_image_builder_capture_directory(
+			ctx->ctx_builder,
+			id,
+			b_string_ptr(src_path));
+		if (status != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+			b_err("cannot capture directory '%s'",
+			      b_string_ptr(src_path));
+			b_i("reason: %s", ec3_status_to_string(status));
+			return status;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return EC3_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum ec3_status capture_blobs(struct create_ctx *ctx)
+{
+	enum ec3_status status = EC3_SUCCESS;
+
+	b_array *blobs = B_ARRAY(b_dict_at(ctx->ctx_specification, "blobs"));
+	if (!blobs) {
+		return EC3_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(blobs, ARRAY, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+
+	b_array_iterator it;
+	b_array_foreach(&it, blobs)
+	{
+		b_dict *blob = B_DICT(it.value);
+		ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(blob, DICT, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+
+		uint64_t id = 0;
+		b_object *id_object = b_dict_at(blob, "id");
+		if (!id_object) {
+			return EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT;
+		}
+
+		if (B_OBJECT_IS(id_object, NUMBER)) {
+			id = (uint64_t)b_number_get_int64(B_NUMBER(id_object));
+		} else if (B_OBJECT_IS(id_object, STRING)) {
+			substitution_list_substitute(
+				&ctx->ctx_sub_list,
+				B_STRING(id_object));
+			status = ec3_identifier_from_string(
+				b_string_ptr(B_STRING(id_object)),
+				&id);
+		}
+
+		if (status != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+			return status;
+		}
+
+		b_string *src_path = B_STRING(b_dict_at(blob, "sourcePath"));
+		ASSERT_OBJECT(src_path, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+		ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(src_path, STRING, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+		substitution_list_substitute(&ctx->ctx_sub_list, src_path);
+
+		char id_str[32];
+		ec3_identifier_to_string(id, id_str, sizeof id_str);
+
+		printf("adding blob 0x%" PRIx64 "(%s) -> %s\n",
+		       id,
+		       id_str,
+		       b_string_ptr(src_path));
+
+		FILE *fp = fopen(b_string_ptr(src_path), "rb");
+		if (!fp) {
+			b_err("cannot open file '%s'", b_string_ptr(src_path));
+			b_i("reason: %s", strerror(errno));
+			return EC3_ERR_NO_ENTRY;
+		}
+
+		status = ec3_image_builder_add_blob_from_file(
+			ctx->ctx_builder,
+			id,
+			fp);
+
+		fclose(fp);
+
+		if (status != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+			b_err("cannot capture blob '%s'",
+			      b_string_ptr(src_path));
+			b_i("reason: %s", ec3_status_to_string(status));
+			return status;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return EC3_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static enum ec3_executable_format executable_format_string_to_id(const char *s)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(s, "elf")) {
+		return EC3_EXEC_ELF;
+	}
+
+	return EC3_EXEC_OTHER;
+}
+
+static enum ec3_status capture_executables(struct create_ctx *ctx)
+{
+	enum ec3_status status = EC3_SUCCESS;
+
+	b_array *executables
+		= B_ARRAY(b_dict_at(ctx->ctx_specification, "executables"));
+	if (!executables) {
+		return EC3_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(executables, ARRAY, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+
+	b_array_iterator it;
+	b_array_foreach(&it, executables)
+	{
+		b_dict *executable = B_DICT(it.value);
+		ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(executable, DICT, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+
+		uint64_t id = 0;
+		b_object *id_object = b_dict_at(executable, "id");
+		if (!id_object) {
+			return EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT;
+		}
+
+		if (B_OBJECT_IS(id_object, NUMBER)) {
+			id = (uint64_t)b_number_get_int64(B_NUMBER(id_object));
+		} else if (B_OBJECT_IS(id_object, STRING)) {
+			substitution_list_substitute(
+				&ctx->ctx_sub_list,
+				B_STRING(id_object));
+			status = ec3_identifier_from_string(
+				b_string_ptr(B_STRING(id_object)),
+				&id);
+		}
+
+		if (status != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+			return status;
+		}
+
+		b_string *src_path
+			= B_STRING(b_dict_at(executable, "sourcePath"));
+		ASSERT_OBJECT(src_path, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+		ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(src_path, STRING, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+		substitution_list_substitute(&ctx->ctx_sub_list, src_path);
+
+		b_string *format = B_STRING(b_dict_at(executable, "format"));
+		ASSERT_OBJECT(format, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+		ASSERT_OBJECT_TYPE(format, STRING, EC3_ERR_BAD_FORMAT);
+		substitution_list_substitute(&ctx->ctx_sub_list, format);
+
+		b_string_tolower(format);
+
+		char id_str[32];
+		ec3_identifier_to_string(id, id_str, sizeof id_str);
+
+		printf("adding %s executable 0x%" PRIx64 "(%s) -> %s\n",
+		       b_string_ptr(format),
+		       id,
+		       id_str,
+		       b_string_ptr(src_path));
+
+		FILE *fp = fopen(b_string_ptr(src_path), "rb");
+		if (!fp) {
+			b_err("cannot open file '%s'", b_string_ptr(src_path));
+			b_i("reason: %s", strerror(errno));
+			return EC3_ERR_NO_ENTRY;
+		}
+
+		enum ec3_executable_format exe_format
+			= executable_format_string_to_id(b_string_ptr(format));
+
+		struct ec3_tag_executable_info exe_info = {0};
+		status = get_executable_info_from_file(
+			fp,
+			exe_format,
+			&exe_info);
+		if (status != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+			return status;
+		}
+
+		fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
+		status = ec3_image_builder_add_executable_from_file(
+			ctx->ctx_builder,
+			id,
+			&exe_info,
+			fp);
+
+		fclose(fp);
+
+		if (status != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+			b_err("cannot capture executable '%s'",
+			      b_string_ptr(src_path));
+			b_i("reason: %s", ec3_status_to_string(status));
+			return status;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return EC3_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 static int create(
@@ -252,48 +463,74 @@ static int create(
 	const b_arglist *opt,
 	const b_array *args)
 {
-	printf("%zu\n", sizeof(struct ec3_cluster_group));
-	return 0;
-	const char *in_path = NULL, *out_path = NULL;
-
-	b_arglist_get_string(
+	const char *out_path_cstr = NULL;
+	const char *specification_path_cstr = NULL;
+	b_status status = b_arglist_get_string(
 		opt,
-		B_COMMAND_INVALID_ID,
-		ARG_INPATH,
+		OPT_SPECIFICATION,
+		OPT_SPECIFICATION_PATH,
 		0,
-		&in_path);
-	b_arglist_get_string(opt, OPT_OUTPATH, OPT_OUTPATH_PATH, 0, &out_path);
-
-	printf("in path: %s\n", in_path);
-	printf("out path: %s\n", out_path);
-
-	FILE *fp = fopen(out_path, "w+b");
-
-	struct node root;
-	node_init(&root);
-	fwrite(&root, sizeof root, 1, fp);
-
-	struct data_tree tree;
-	b_tree_init(
-		&tree.base,
-		&ops,
-		sizeof(struct node),
-		sizeof(struct entry),
-		ORDER);
-	tree.fp = fp;
-
-	for (int i = 1; i <= 32; i++) {
-		int key = rand() % 65535;
-		// int key = i;
-		//  printf("%d: adding [%d]\n", i, key);
-		struct entry e = {.key = key, .value = key * 2};
-		b_tree_put(&tree.base, (b_tree_node_entry *)&e);
+		&specification_path_cstr);
+	if (!B_OK(status)) {
+		b_err("no specification file specified\n");
+		return -1;
 	}
 
-	tree_print(&tree.base);
+	status = b_arglist_get_string(
+		opt,
+		OPT_OUTPATH,
+		OPT_OUTPATH_PATH,
+		0,
+		&out_path_cstr);
+	if (!B_OK(status)) {
+		b_err("no output file path specified\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
 
-	fclose(fp);
+	struct create_ctx ctx = {0};
+	enum ec3_status status2 = create_ctx_init(&ctx, opt);
 
+	status = read_specification(
+		specification_path_cstr,
+		&ctx.ctx_specification);
+	if (!B_OK(status)) {
+		b_err("cannot read specification file.");
+		b_i("reason: %s", b_status_to_string(status));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	struct ec3_parameters param = {};
+	status2 = configure_image_parameters(&ctx, &param);
+	if (status2 != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	status2 = ec3_image_builder_create(
+		out_path_cstr,
+		&param,
+		&ctx.ctx_builder);
+
+	if (status2 != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+		b_err("cannot initialise EC3 writer");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	status2 = capture_volumes(&ctx);
+	if (status2 != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	status2 = capture_blobs(&ctx);
+	if (status2 != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	status2 = capture_executables(&ctx);
+	if (status2 != EC3_SUCCESS) {
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	create_ctx_finish(&ctx);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -320,16 +557,50 @@ B_COMMAND(CMD_CREATE, CMD_ROOT)
 		}
 	}
 
-	B_COMMAND_ARG(ARG_INPATH)
+	B_COMMAND_OPTION(OPT_SPECIFICATION)
 	{
-		B_ARG_NAME("input file");
-		B_ARG_NR_VALUES(1);
+		B_OPTION_SHORT_NAME('s');
+		B_OPTION_LONG_NAME("specification");
+		B_OPTION_DESC(
+			"the path to a specification file describing the "
+			"layout and parameters of the new file");
+
+		B_OPTION_ARG(OPT_SPECIFICATION_PATH)
+		{
+			B_ARG_NAME("path");
+			B_ARG_NR_VALUES(1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	B_COMMAND_OPTION(OPT_PARAMETER)
+	{
+		B_OPTION_SHORT_NAME('p');
+		B_OPTION_LONG_NAME("parameter");
+		B_OPTION_DESC("a parameter to use when creating the new file.");
+
+		B_OPTION_ARG(OPT_PARAMETER_NAME)
+		{
+			B_ARG_NAME("name");
+			B_ARG_NR_VALUES(1);
+		}
+
+		B_OPTION_ARG(OPT_PARAMETER_VALUE)
+		{
+			B_ARG_NAME("value");
+			B_ARG_NR_VALUES(1);
+		}
 	}
 
 	B_COMMAND_USAGE()
 	{
-		B_COMMAND_USAGE_ARG(ARG_INPATH);
+		B_COMMAND_USAGE_OPT(OPT_SPECIFICATION);
+		B_COMMAND_USAGE_OPT(OPT_OUTPATH);
+	}
+
+	B_COMMAND_USAGE()
+	{
+		B_COMMAND_USAGE_OPT(OPT_SPECIFICATION);
+		B_COMMAND_USAGE_OPT(OPT_PARAMETER);
 		B_COMMAND_USAGE_OPT(OPT_OUTPATH);
 	}
 }
-#endif